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Motherboard Wiring

Interface Diagram​

Interface Description​

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Pin Description​

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Power Wiring​

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Driver Installation​

Motherboard Driver Jumper​

  • STEP/DIR Mode. In this mode, microstepping is set using jumper caps, and current is adjusted via the potentiometer. The most common drivers requiring this are A4988, 8825. You need to consult the microstepping configuration table provided by the manufacturer and then set the microstepping using jumper caps.

  • UART Mode. The most common drivers using this mode are: TMC2208, TMC2209, TMC2226, etc. These driver chips can communicate asynchronously with the main controller via UART. Microstepping, run current, stealthChop mode, etc., can be set by modifying the configuration file.

  • SPI Mode. The most common drivers using this mode are: TMC5160, TMC2130, TMC2240, etc. Microstepping, run current, stealthChop mode, etc., can also be set by modifying the configuration file.

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Driver Installation​

  • Drivers should be inspected before installation to avoid damage to the driver or motherboard.

  • FLY Driver: If not using the infinite homing function, set the DIP switch to position 1; conversely, if using the infinite homing function, set the DIP switch to the ON position.

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    Danger
    • CAUTION!!! When installing the driver module, ensure the orientation is correct, i.e., the EN pin is in the top-left corner. Incorrect insertion may damage the driver or even the motherboard!!! Also, ensure a heatsink is properly attached to the driver!!!
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Stepper Motor Wiring​

Info
  • Regardless of the manufacturer, a two-phase stepper motor ultimately has 4 wires. Regardless of color (e.g., black, white, green, yellow), they correspond to 4 wires. Therefore, we need to group the wires into two groups: A and B.
  • For a two-phase, four-wire stepper motor, we don't need to know which group is A or B, as long as we determine the pairs. The motor direction can be adjusted in the configuration.

  • In 3D printers, the most commonly used is the two-phase, four-wire stepper motor. Its principle is shown in the diagram. There are two methods to identify the wire pairs:

    • Connect any two wires and manually rotate the motor shaft. If significant resistance is felt, the two wires belong to the same phase (group). If not, they are not a pair, and other wires need to be tested.
    • Use a multimeter set to the continuity test mode. Test any two wires of the stepper motor. If continuity is detected, they belong to the same phase (group). If not, they are not a pair, and other wires need to be tested.
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Heater Cartridge Wiring​

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Heated Bed Wiring​

  • AC Heated Bed: When wiring the Solid State Relay (SSR), please be careful not to mix up the input and output terminals.

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  • DC Heated Bed: When connecting a DC heated bed to the onboard MOSFET, please pay attention to the power rating. The maximum current for a DC heated bed should not exceed 10A. If it exceeds 10A, it is recommended to use an external MOSFET module for the heated bed to avoid irreversible damage to the motherboard.

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Thermistor Wiring​

Thermistor Type Introduction​

  • The wiring method for thermistors is shown in the diagram below. Please consult your supplier for the thermistor type.

  • If purchased from FLY (as shown below), set sensor_type to: ATC Semitec 104GT-2

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  • If it is a standard NTC 100K (as shown below), set sensor_type to: Generic 3950

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Motherboard Thermistor Wiring​

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Fan Wiring​

  • Fan Wiring

    Tip
    • The MOSFET must be installed.
    • Fan Wiring
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Endstop Wiring​

  • Endstop switches have two types: Normally Open (NO) and Normally Closed (NC). For 3D printers, it is generally recommended to use Normally Closed (NC). This way, if there is an issue with the endstop wiring, the system will promptly report an error, helping to avoid unnecessary crashes and potential damage to the printer.

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Bed Leveling Sensor Wiring​

BL-Touch Wiring​

  • The BL-Touch has five wires in total. Three wires form the first group, responsible for powering the sensor and controlling the probe extension/retraction. The second group consists of a ground wire and a signal wire, which outputs the limit signal. When wiring the BL-Touch, carefully verify the wire order. Incorrect wiring may permanently damage the sensor and the motherboard!!! The wiring method is shown in the diagram below.

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Klicky Wiring​

  • Klicky is a third-party bed leveling sensor that can be made at home at a very low cost. It offers stable performance and high cost-effectiveness, making it a recommended choice. The wiring method is shown in the diagram below.

  • Project Address: jlas1/Klicky-Probe

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Voron Tap Wiring​

  • Tap is a nozzle-based Z-probe designed for V2 and Trident printer designs. The entire toolhead moves to trigger an optical switch, offering better accuracy than conventional endstop switches and compatibility with almost any printing surface on the market.

    Caution

    It is not recommended to connect Voron Tap to 24V. Certain versions have a probability of burning out the Tap sensor when using 24V. This is not an issue with FLY products but a design flaw in Voron Tap. Please be aware!!!

    Danger

    Note: Do not reverse the 5V and GND connections, as this may damage the Tap sensor or even the motherboard!!!

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FLY-Mini12864 LCD Wiring​

  • The diagram below shows the wiring method for FLY's mini12864. For screens from other manufacturers, please consult the respective manufacturer. Incorrectly connecting or reversing the Mini12864 screen may cause the host computer to fail to connect to the MCU. If you could connect to the motherboard's MCU normally before using the mini12864 screen but cannot after connecting it, try disconnecting the mini12864 wiring!!!

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Connecting to the Host Computer​

  • The motherboard connects to the host computer's USB port via a Type-C interface, or it can connect via a serial port. Only the former is introduced here.

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